Tag Archives: EU reporting

Short guide to lazy EU journalism

The unofficial rulebook for lazy EU journalism. 20 invaluable tips for your career in EU journalism.

1. Not sure how the EU works or what institutions are involved? –> Just write “Brussels”.

2. Germany is generally seen as important in EU politics and journalists know how to frame it: If Germany is active in a certain policy domain just write something about  “German dominance” and if you work for British newspaper add  some subtle references to the war. If  Germany is passive in a given policy area just write that Germany abandons the EU and it clearly adopted a unilateral strategy, if you work for a British newspaper you could add something about the war.

3. Found a short reference in a paper which talks about your country? –> Is is an evil plan to undermine democracy

4. General rule: No need to distinguish between different European institutions and organisations. Who cares whether it is the Council of Europe, the European Council, the Council of the EU, the European Commission, the Court of Justice of the European Union or the European Court of Human Rights . –> Just write something about eurocrats and unelected foreign European judges interfering with your beloved country. [thanks Andrew!]

5. You are in Brussels and there are several events happening at the same time?  –> Well, this is a clear sign that the EU does not address the important issues! (Important issue = event you attend)

6. Unsure what is happening in the EU? –> Don’t bother ringing someone in Brussels. Just make something up about bananas or recycle a story you read half a year ago. If you are ambitious call the press department of one of the parties in your capital or use a recent party pamphlet.

7. Did you come across a controversial statement or an opinion of an MEP or any national MP? –> Start your article with “EU plans to…” or “Country X wants to…” Any MEP or committee must be prefaced by “senior,” “influential” or “key” as long as he/she/it says something confrontational. [thanks Tim Jones]

8. Facts are overrated. Don’t bother checking the original EU policy documents. There is no need to understand differences between white or green papers, a report or a regulation or a directive. It is much easier to write about ‘crazy ideas of EU bureaucrats’.  If you have an idea for a good EU story don’t let facts ruin it. Plus, nobody will check if a EU story is true. Everyone knows that the EU is boring and evil. Moreover, the single aim of the EU is to produce unnessary regulation (generally known as ‘red tape”).

9. Use “EU bureaucrats” or “Brussels bureaucrats” as often as possible. A more experienced lazy journalist would simply refer to ‘Eurocrats‘. (Thanks Gawain) Useful adjectives in this context include “unelected”, “unaccountable”, “corrupt”, “highly-paid”, “highly-pensioned”, “lazy”. This list is not exhaustive and can be adapted to your journalistic needs. You may also use “EU official” or “EU representative” especially if you follow rule 4.

10. Don’t mention that ministers might have a veto over EU policy –> Just write about how the EU destroys national sovereignty.

11. You think that the EU is a bit too complex and everything takes a bit too long? –> Well just focus on zero sum games especially during summits.  One country wins, one country looses. That is life. That’s the EU. Simples.

12. A good headline is key. So always go for the pun or the the odd ‘eurocrats’, ‘empire’ reference. And the fight is always between europhiles and eurosceptics. Keep that in mind.

13. Symbols are more important than substance. Stories about what people had for breakfast or dinner, something about flags or anthems are great examples. Always mix personal stories about EU leaders with national stereotypes and prejudices. You will be surprised: it always works.

14. EU funding is always a great story. There is corruption, waste and funny projects. However, do not mention that projects need co-financing. Also do not try to look at the positive examples, it would just spoil the story. Anyway, EU money is by definition a bad thing. So, don’t try to explain why EU funding exists in the first place.

15. The EU budget as well as the budget negotiations provide many interesting options for lazy journalists. You could write that the EU books have not been signed off for years – without mentioning the auditing rules. Or you could write something about how much money your country pays to be in the EU -  without mentioning that it may get something back. Don’t make the mistake to link to any official cost-benefit calculation. Because if they exist they are must be wrong, if they don’t exist it is generally a conspiracy.  Rather use a statement from another newspaper or dodgy think tank. Just don’t ask any questions. Never think about what the EU could do with the money, just assume that “Brussels wastes all the money it gets”.  Budget negotiations are zero sum games, so rule 11 applies. There is no such thing as the “European interest”.

16. The single market means competition which might include foreign companies winning tenders in your country. If that happens just focus on the foreign element of that company. Make some claims about corruption.  Write about how many jobs will be lost. No need to mention that new jobs will be created. If you are an ambitious lazy journalist write about how EU competition laws are made to destroy your local economy.

17. Don’t bother learning a foreign language. It is not useful in EU journalism. You can always rely on international news agencies.

18. Subscribe to all ‘think tanks’ and ‘business associations’ which are highly regarded among your collegues. From time to time, just ‘write’ (copy/paste) short articles. Don’t include links to your sources.

19. Context is overrated. Headlines are more important. Just go for the best quotes – no context needed. If you have a great quote from last week, you can still use it. No need to check whether current events have moved on.

20. A beginners mistake is to engage with the opposite side or with critics of your work. So, just don’t do it.

The second part of the ‘short guide to lazy EU journalism’ will be published in the coming weeks on this blog and might focus on the recent “Eurocrisis”. Use the comments below to share your tips how to become a lazy EU journalist or how to cover the eurocrisis as lazy journalist.  This would give me the opportunity to plagiarise your ideas in the next blog post. ;-)

Update 20/11/2011 – 25/11/2011: Well, it seems that ‘#lazyEUjournalism’ is indeed a pan-European issue.  Consequently the ‘short guide’ was translated into several European languages! Thanks to all bloggers and translators!

DE: Ein kurzer Leitfaden zu faulem EU-Journalismus – Vielen Dank, opalkatze!

FR: Comment faire du journalisme européen paresseux, en 20 points – Merci beaucoup, Fabrize! 

IT: Short guide to lazy EU journalism ovvero come fare del giornalismo europeo di pessima qualita – Grazie, Francesca!

RO: Cum să scrii despre UE când ai o maximă lene …   - Mulțumesc, Roxana!

ES: Kosmopolito denuncia el periodismo basura europe |europa451.es

NL: Korte handleiding voor luie EU-journalisten | Presseurop

HR: Kratki vodič za komotno novinarstvo o EU - Hvala, Srdjan!

IS:  Stutti leiðarvísirinn fyrir lata Evrópublaðamanninn – Takk, Hilmar!

Inspired by this post there are several adaptations which discuss in how far the guide applies to different national public spheres:

NO: EU for late journalister | europabloggen

CZ: Příručka pro líné EU novináře | respekt.cz 

PL: Jak pisać o UE | Kadmos

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Dear Journalists…

Following the Yes vote on the Lisbon treaty in Ireland the media is full with articles and reports about the EU, the Lisbon treaty and the Irish vote. Unfortunately, journalistic accuracy for EU related topic is not that widespread. At least I get the impression after reading and watching a fair amount of material in the last 48 hours. Here are the most frequent inaccuracies in EU stories these days:

1. There is a difference between the European Council, the Council of the EU and the Council of Europe – just look it up! Try to get your facts straight about the rotating presidency and EU terminology in general.

2. The Polish and  Czech parliaments approved the Lisbon treaty already! Only 2 signatures are missing.  So, please don’t write that both countries  still need to vote on the treaty…

3. And while we are at it: Do your research on the competences of the Czech president (hint: Czech constitution, some basics on parliamentary vs. presidential systems)

4. There is no actual link between the Irish Yes and a European Council President Blair – The treaty merely creates the position of a European Council President and not, I repeat: NOT: EU president, President of Europe etc.) Actually, the position is more like a permanent chairman… Tony Blair seems to be one of the people that are interested in getting the job. So try to get hold of other nominees as well! If you write a opinion piece you might want to check the issue of open nominations and the stopblair petition (more arguments against Blair here).

5. Anyway, forget about the “European Council president” for a moment.  It is much more important who will be nominated for the new Commission. And who will be the next High Representative for Foreign Affairs. All of these jobs are actually more powerful than the European Council president.

Thank you!

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EU Terminology for Dummies

A short guide for bloggers and journalists that write about EU affairs and are exposed to “Eurojargon“.

EUDummies

Not only acronyms are an art form but also normal EU terminology can be tricky. Language plays an important role in constructing a certain image of the EU and journalists and bloggers should be aware of that.  The correct use of terms is a necessity for understanding  political processes in the EU and a basis for every interpretation of “the beast”.  The following list is a first step to clarify some confusing terms. So let’s start with some basic terms which caught my eye in the last weeks:

- The right term is “President of the European Council” – not EU president, not President of Europe, not Council President. The European Council is one EU institution and its president only presides over this particular institution. (Obviously the European Council should not to be confused with the Council of Europe or the Council of the EU!) Journalists should also mention the (unfinished) job description and the possible lack of power of the post when writing about certain personalities… Anyway, another fact is that probably every other top position in the EU has more power that this new European Council President.

- The (6-month) rotating presidencies of the Council of the European Union will not be abolished with the Treaty of Lisbon, they will merely be transformed. The rotating presidencies will still be in charge of all Council of the EU meetings (which is another institution!). The ‘European Council President’ will only chair the ‘European Council’ (“EU summit”) which happens 4 times a year. The only thing that the rotating presidencies will not be able to do seems to be connected with foreign policy, as the new “President” and the new “Foreign Minister” will set the agenda there. So, I guess the danger is that the media might ignore the (less political) rotating presidencies in the future!

- The Council of the European Union (the institution with the rotating presidencies…) consists of national ministers (shocking!). Depending on the policy area, the respective national minster (or ambassador) has a veto during the EU decision making process. Journalists and Bloggers often forget that national representatives are at the heart of EU decision making. EU bashing from national politicians that were present in the respective Council meeting  should be exposed more regularly! And don’t think that the various national ministries are not involved from a very early stage of a EU policy initiative… So, any article with a headline like “EU imposes [law x] on [member state y] ” is wrong and misleading!

- “Brussels” is a city and not a political system.  However “Brussels” seems to be the term for all journalists that (sometimes deliberately) do not care about which EU institution  is actually involved. Often used as a substitute for the EU as a whole.  Most of the time however, news labeled with “Brussels decides…” involves only decisions by the European Commission or the Council of the European Union, usually neglecting the influence of the European Parliament.  “Brussels” as a term comes with a notorious EU-skeptic connotation. So be aware of it if you use it in an article. So, better check which institution you mean and at what stage of the policy making process a certain proposal is!

- Federalism – If you think federalism equals centralism which leads to some sort of EU super state, think again and get your facts straight:

Federalism is the theory or advocacy of federal political orders, where final authority is divided between sub-units and a center. Unlike a unitary state, sovereignty is constitutionally split between at least two territorial levels so that units at each level have final authority and can act independently of the others in some area. Citizens thus have political obligations to two authorities. (more)

I know federalism is a controversial term in the UK and I think most of the confusion comes from a wrong understanding of the term. (the infamous “f-word”…) Generally, people that live in federal states seem to have a better grasp of the concept (examples: Australia, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, USA). The thing is that a federal system is only a description for a structure (and not necessarily an ideology). The problem is not whether something is federal or not, the real (ideological) problem is what should be decided on which level.  A lot depends on the distribution of authority. But this distributional debate should not be called ‘federal’.’ [Anyway, on a EU level it seems that the debate between intergovernmentalism and federalism is pretty much outdated and new multi-level governance (MLG) or network approaches are more useful to explain EU politics. - OK, this is rather academic - but also journalists should be aware of these debates to be able to report EU politics more clearly!]

More explanations for EU-Jargon can be found here. If you are not sure how to translate a certain piece of EU terminology in your native language why not check this database (which is called IATE – Inter-Active Terminology for Europe)? Buying a EU textbook could also be a good idea…

…to be continued…

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EU news in regional newspapers

I am in Stuttgart at the moment and our local newspaper, the Stuttgarter Zeitung just relaunched and got a new layout and structure. It is a broadsheet with a circulation of around 150 000. It is one of the big regional newspapers in Germany. Yes, I know newspapers are so 20th century and it is not very fashionable to write about  printed stuff on a blog – but for the time being newspapers (and indeed their websites) are still important – and I think local and regional newspapers could survive longer than we think. So, let’s have a look at today’s structure of the Stuttgarter Zeitung:

stzlogo

  • First page (1 page)
  • Topic of the day (1 page)
  • 3rd page (1 page)
  • Domestic Politics (1 page)
  • “Landespolitik”  (politics on the state level – here: Baden Württemberg )
  • Foreign policy (1 page)
  • Glossy news from around the world (2 pages)
  • Letters (1 page)
  • Economy (7 pages)
  • Stuttgart (5 pages)
  • Stuttgart Region (1 page)
  • Baden Württemberg (2 pages)
  • Letters/Stuttgart (1 page)
  • Discoveries (1 page)
  • Reportage/ feature (1 page)
  • Culture (2 pages)
  • Film (1 page)
  • Media (1 page)
  • Agenda (1 page)
  • Sport (3 pages)

Hmm, ok it is a typical newspaper structure baring in mind the local/regional approach. So what happens with important EU news? If there is a EU summit – topic of the day or first page maybe, the rest of EU news can sometimes be found in the economy or foreign policy (which should be called “international”…) sections. The question I have is the following:

Why not include a daily EU politics page in the first part of the paper?

One page every day (or at least every other day)? It could be the perfect newspaper structure looking at local-regional-national-European-International dimensions! Considering how much is decided on a EU level I find it shocking that newspapers do not report regularly about the EU. And with ‘regularly’ I mean daily – not only during EU summits and EP plenary sessions! And only a change in the structure of the newspaper can introduce a constant reporting. Nowadays, the media happily neglects day to day EU politics. ( Did I hear “fourth power” somewhere?)

stz_epaper_thumbnailI know there is a whole issue whether regional newspapers can afford a journalist based in Brussels? Then again, most press conferences are streamed online, most documents can be found online,  EU institutions are responsive to phone calls and emails. And there are a lot of freelance journalists in Brussels that are desperate for jobs… And let’s not forget: EU funding, EU projects and EU policies have a regional dimension. Only if there is a constant flow of EU news, people become aware of what is going on in the EU institutions. An EU page would also “force” journalists to come up with stories more regularly. There would also be a forum for the local MEPs to be present in the public debate. If you (as a newspaper editor) want to change something and get EU news in the paper there are many different possibilities!

I have written about the EU ignorance of newspaper editors before and I will keep an eye on it.  But as long as regional newspapers like the Stuttgarter Zeitung refuse to include the EU in the structure of the paper nothing will change regarding knowledge and ignorance of citizens (and journalists). The relaunch of the StZ is therefore a missed opportunity to address this problem. (Well, the main problem is probably that this was not even an issue when they thought about the relaunch…)

I would be interested whether there are newspapers with a regular “EU page”? (not a ‘Europe page’ with random stories from different European countries!) Comments are open…

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